HelixTalk - Rosalind Franklin University's College of Pharmacy Podcast
This podcast is produced by pharmacy faculty to supplement study material and provide relevant drug and professional topics. We're hoping that our real-life clinical pearls and discussions will help you stay up-to-date and improve your pharmacy knowledge.
Episodes
198 - Lp(a), ApoB, and CAC: Navigating the 2026 Dyslipidemia Guideline Alphabet Soup
In this episode, we review key updates from the 2026 ACC-AHA Guidelines on the Management of Dyslipidemia. Key Concepts The PREVENT ASCVD equation is now recommended to calculate ASCVD risk, with thresholds at 3%, 5%, and 10%. The previous 7.5% threshold for statin treatment is now 5%. In addition to the 10-year ASCVD estimate, clinicians should consider the use of Lp(a), "risk enhancers", and co
197 - Sweet Deal of Updates in Diabetes Pharmacotherapy from the ADA 2026 Standards of Care
In this episode, we discuss the most important annual updates in the American Diabetes Association Guidelines, Standards of Care 2026, particularly focusing on changes in pharmacotherapy recommendations and the supporting evidence. Key Concepts A few existing agents now have ASCVD risk reduction data in patients with existing ASCVD or high indicators for ASCVD. They are: oral semaglutide and tirz
196 - Stretching the Stroke Clock to 2026: A Brief Review of the 2026 Acute Ischemic Stroke Guidelines
In this episode, we review key updates from the 2026 AHA/ASA Guideline for the Early Management of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke, including changes to IV thrombolysis, antiplatelet therapy, endovascular treatment, blood pressure goals, and glycemic goals. Key Concepts Tenecteplase (TNKase) is now equally preferred to alteplase (Activase) by the 2026 AHA/ASA guidelines. Tenecteplase has seve
195 - Burning Questions about Uncomplicated UTI Diagnosis and Treatment
In this episode, we review the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections. Key Concepts Uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTI) are defined as an infection localized to the bladder without any systemic signs or symptoms of infection in someone who is not immunocompromised, pregnant, catheterized, and has normal urologic anatomy. UTIs are most co
194 - 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists for Nausea/Vomiting: An In-Depth Drug Class Review
In this episode, we review the pharmacology, indications, adverse effects, and unique drug characteristics of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists such as ondansetron (Zofran) and palonosetron (Aloxi). Key Concepts There are four 5-HT3 (serotonin subtype 3) receptor antagonists on the market: ondansetron, granisetron, dolasetron, and palonosetron. These have primarily been studied for acute chemotherapy-in
193 - Elevate Your Guideline Knowledge, Not Your BP: The New 2025 Hypertension Guidelines
In this episode, we review the newly published 2025 ACC/AHA hypertension guidelines. Key Concepts Instead of the Pooled Cohort Equations (PCE) from 2013, the 2025 hypertension guidelines recommend a new risk equation called PREVENT, which incorporates new risk factors and does not include race as part of the risk calculation. The guidelines recommend starting two antihypertensive medications for
192 - Opioids Optional: Journavx, the New Acute Pain Management Alternative
In this episode, we discuss the evidence, safety, and place in therapy of Journavx® (suzetrigine), a newly approved analgesic with a unique non-opioid mechanism of action and additional considerations for its use. Key Concepts Suzetrigine is a first in its class NaV1.8 sodium channel blocker approved for short-term (14 days or less) pain relief in adults with moderate-to-severe pain. Unlike opioi
191 - The Ultimate Guide to ARBs: An In-depth Drug Class Review
In this episode, we review the pharmacology, indications, adverse effects, monitoring, and unique drug characteristics of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). Key Concepts ARBs are equally efficacious as ACE inhibitors when used for hypertension, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), chronic kidney disease (CKD) with proteinuria, and post-MI care. Some limited evidence suggests
190 - Can't Stop, Won't Drop … The BP That Just Won't Quit: Diagnosis and Treatment of Resistant Hypertension
In this episode, we discuss the diagnosis and treatment of resistant hypertension, including a newer endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA) called aprocitentan (Tryvio®). Key Concepts The diagnosis of true resistant hypertension is based on requiring more than 3 antihypertensives (ACE inhibitor or ARB + calcium channel blocker + diuretic) to achieve goal BP, ruling out inaccurate BP readings, and e
189 - Mice, Macrophages, and Metabolism: Browning Keeps Obesity at Bay
In this episode, we discuss the very early stages of drug targets and drug development with Dr. Mohd Shahid, PhD. Dr. Shahid's research involves the IER3 gene, which is an important modulator of the body's inflammatory response via its action in major immune cells, including macrophages and T-cells, and plays a role in metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, and atherosclerosis, revealing a
188 - The Clot Thickens: Key Updates from the 2025 Acute Coronary Syndromes Guidelines
In this episode, we review the new 2025 ACC/AHA Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) guidelines, with a particular focus on guideline recommendations for analgesics, P2Y12 inhibitors, parenteral anticoagulation, and lipid management. Key Concepts Nitrates and opioids are recommended for symptomatic relief of chest pain. Some patients may not be appropriate for nitrates (e.g. recent PDE-5 inhibitor use,
187 - Infectious Ambitions: A Pharmacist's Career Pivot from Clinical to Industry
In this episode, we interview Morgan Anderson, PharmD, BCIDP, a graduate of the RFUMS College of Pharmacy, about her career path from a pharmacy resident, emergency medicine specialist, infectious diseases specialist, and now a medical sciences liaison. The views, thoughts, and opinions expressed in this podcast are solely Dr. Anderson's own and do not necessarily reflect the views, positions, or
186 - Breaking the Bank or Breaking the Scale: Controversies Surrounding Compounded GLP-1s RAs for Weight Loss
In this episode, we discuss the efficacy and safety of semaglutide and tirzepatide for weight loss with a particular focus on the legal, regulatory, and safety aspects of these "compounded" GLP-1 receptor agonist medications. Key Concepts Semaglutide and tirzepatide have growing evidence that their clinical benefits extend beyond the treatment of diabetes. Evidence now shows benefit in a variety
185 - They Are Late, but Don't Stress: The New 2024 Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis Guidelines
In this episode, we review the recommendations from the 2024 SCCM/ASHP stress ulcer prophylaxis guidelines and highlight three of the more recent landmark critical care trials investigating the role of stress ulcer prophylaxis. Key Concepts After 25 years, the stress ulcer prophylaxis guidelines have been updated by SCCM and ASHP. These guidelines make 13 recommendations in a PICO format. Three l
184 - Drop it Like it's Hot! Deprescribing Pharmacotherapy When Appropriate
In this episode, we discuss the approach to deprescribing for several drugs such as benzodiazepine receptor agonists, cholinesterase inhibitors, memantine, antipsychotics, and antihyperglycemics. Key Concepts Medication appropriateness including indication and risk vs. benefit should be evaluated for all stages of life; however, more importantly in older individuals to address polypharmacy. There
183 - The Ultimate Guide to Loop Diuretics: An In-Depth Drug Class Review
In this episode, we review the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, adverse effects, monitoring, medicinal chemistry, and more of loop diuretics. Key Concepts Loop diuretics (furosemide, torsemide, bumetanide, ethacrynic acid) are the most potent type of diuretic and are used to relieve edema. Loop diuretics cause an increased loss of sodium, chloride, potassium, hydrogen, magnesium, and calcium ions
182 - 2023 Beers Criteria Update: Navigating Medications Safely in Older Patients
In this episode, we discuss principles for medication use in the geriatric patient population and summarize the updated 2023 American Geriatrics Society Beers Criteria for Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use in Older Adults. Key Concepts The Beer's Criteria was originally developed by Dr. Mark Beers in 1991 to identify medications in which the risks may outweigh the benefits in nursing home
181 - From Meds to Machine Learning: How AI is (and will) Revolutionizing Pharmacy Practice
In this episode, we discuss artificial intelligence large language models (LLMs) and how these will impact the future of the practice of pharmacy. Key Concepts Generative AI with large language models (LLMs) have already changed how healthcare is delivered to patients. In the future, these changes will be more substantial and require pharmacists and other healthcare professionals to understand th
180 - The Ultimate Guide to Statins: An In-Depth Drug Class Review
In this episode, we review the pharmacology, indications, adverse effects, monitoring, and unique drug characteristics of HMG CoA reductase inhibitors ("statins"). Key Concepts Statins reduce LDL cholesterol by 20-60% (depending on the dose and statin potency). They have modest favorable effects on HDL and triglycerides. Clinically, statins reduce the risk of major adverse cardiac events by about
179 - Annual Dose of Sweetness: 2024 Updates from the American Diabetes Association Guidelines
In this recurring episode, we discuss the important updates from the 2024 American Diabetes Association Guidelines! Key Concepts Tirzepatide is now recommended as one of the weight loss pharmacotherapy options along with semaglutide in patients with diabetes. The language for its use in comparison to insulin therapy has been updated similar to GLP-1RAs. The new hypoglycemia section in chapter 6 n
178 - Law & Order: Pharmacy Edition. A Concise Review of High-Yield Pharmacy Law Topics for the MPJE
In this episode, we speak with Janeen Winnike, the Associate Dean for Student Affairs at Rosalind Franklin and a co-course director for the Pharmacy Law course at the university. We review some of the key points regarding federal and Illinois pharmacy law – a must-listen especially for graduates preparing for their MPJE exam after graduation! Key Concepts The FDA (via the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic
177 - The Antidote Arsenal: Exploring the Emergency Toolbox for Anticoagulant Reversals
In this episode, we review evidence-based guidelines for the emergency reversal of warfarin, dabigatran, and the oral Xa inhibitors (apixaban, edoxaban, and rivaroxaban). Key Concepts Reversal of anticoagulation is indicated in patients with major hemorrhage or when emergency surgery is necessary. Reversal of warfarin (Coumadin®) involves a fast-acting, short-term solution (usually prothrombin co
176 - Hormonal Harmony: A Pharmacist's Guide to Hormonal Contraceptives (Part 2)
In this two part episode, we review some of the most important clinical pearls in the pharmacotherapy and practice aspects of hormonal contraceptives with a brief focus on the very first FDA approved OTC hormonal contraceptive product (Opill). Key Concepts (Part 2) Missed dose instructions are particularly important with progestin only pills (POPs). Patients should take POPs at the same time (wit
175 - Hormonal Harmony: A Pharmacist's Guide to Hormonal Contraceptives (Part 1)
In this two part episode, we review some of the most important clinical pearls in the pharmacotherapy and practice aspects of hormonal contraceptives with a brief focus on the very first FDA approved OTC hormonal contraceptive product (Opill). Key Concepts (Part 1) The effectiveness of contraceptives varies based on "ideal use" (e.g. in a clinical trial with optimal compliance) versus "typical us
174 - Finding Your Mount Rushmore: The Journey of an Industry Pharmacist
In this episode, we interview Scott Glosner, PharmD, MPH, BCPS about his extensive experience working at Pfizer in medical outcomes and as a field medical director. Dr. Glosner will share his career journey from a clinical pharmacist transitioning into the pharmaceutical industry in the late 1990s and what current pharmacists and students should know about a job in a pharmaceutical company. Key Co
173 - Balancing Access and Safety: The FDA's Prescription Drug Risk Mitigation Strategy (REMS)
In this episode, we will discuss the definition of REMS (Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies), why they exist, the role of FDA in administering REMS, types and examples of REMS, and how they impact pharmacy practice. Key Concepts The REMS (Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies) program was developed in 2007 as part of the FDA's drug risk management strategies designed to balance risk an
172 - Battle of the Clot Busters: Alteplase vs. Tenecteplase for Acute Ischemic Stroke
In this episode, we review the role and indications of thrombolytics in acute ischemic stroke. The efficacy, safety, administration considerations, and cost between alteplase and tenecteplase are compared and contrasted. Key Concepts Alteplase (Activase) is a recombinant DNA version of human TPA (tissue plasminogen activator). Tenecteplase (TNKase) is similar to human TPA except it has three amin
171 - Two Vax's and a MAB: What's New in RSV Prevention
In this episode, we briefly review RSV (respiratory syncytial virus) infections and focus on new data supporting the use of two different RSV vaccines (Abrysvo and Arvexy) in preventing RSV infections in older adults and in pregnant women. Key Concepts RSV is a contagious respiratory virus that is usually mild and self-limiting in most patients but can cause severe disease especially in young chi
170 - Hope and Healing: Overcoming Opioid Use Disorder Through Evidence-Based Therapies
In this episode, together with our faculty colleague, Dr. Roberta Dume, PharmD, BCPP, we discuss the pharmacologic options and evidence for the treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD) and how pharmacists play a vital role in assisting patients suffering from opioid use disorder. Key Concepts The treatment for OUD should be provided by either the treating clinician or a certified Opioid Treatment P
169 - Introducing HelixTalk's 2023 Drug Superlative Awards!
In this episode, we announce the second iteration of the HelixTalk Drug Superlative Awards -- awards given to medications on the market that are outstanding or notorious. In announcing these completely fictitious awards, we review key clinical pearls and pitfalls that every clinician should be aware of with these notable medications. Key Concepts The award for the most unique phase III patient po
168 - Beyond the Controversy: Exploring Efficacy and Safety of Medication Abortion
There has been a lot of news about abortion (abortifacient) medications recently. Since the overturn of Roe v. Wade in 2022, individual states passed their own laws restricting access to abortion, this includes access to abortion medications. This clearly impacts the way pharmacists practice. In this episode, we summarize the science behind the two main abortive drugs, mifepristone and misoprostol
167 - Beyond One-Size-Fits-All: Unraveling the Genetic Tapestry of CYP2D6 Drug Metabolism
In this episode, we review the science behind genetic differences in humans in the CYP2D6 hepatic enzyme responsible for drug metabolism and how these genetic variants can lead to certain drugs being metabolized far too much or far too little, which can cause drug toxicities or a lack of effectiveness. Key Concepts About 20-25% of drugs on the market are metabolized by CYP2D6. Humans have a huge
166 - Thiazide Throwdown: Hydrochlorothiazide vs. Chlorthalidone - The Ultimate Showdown for Hypertension Management
In this episode, we compare hydrochlorothiazide and chlorthalidone, but specifically from a cardiovascular outcomes perspective when used in patients with hypertension. Key Concepts Chlorthalidone, hydrochlorothiazide, and indapamide are available thiazide diuretics for treatment of hypertension; however, hydrochlorothiazide is the most commonly used agent. Chlorthalidone is more potent in reduci
165 - QT and the Beast: Managing Medications That Prolong the QT Interval
In this episode, we discuss the concerns of QTc prolongation, which can cause a fatal arrhythmia called torsades de pointes (TdP). We cover the difference between QT and QTc, how to interpret a QTc (and when it is inaccurate), common medications that prolong QTc, and how pharmacists can evaluate the risk of QTc/TdP in patients who are receiving QTc-prolonging therapies. Key Concepts The QTc inter
164 - Breaking Down the Updates: Key Changes and Implications of the 2023 American Diabetes Association Guidelines
In this episode, we will discuss the most important updates from the American Diabetes Association's 2023 Standards of Care in Diabetes. Key Concepts The first-line therapy for type II diabetes is based on whether the primary goal of therapy is cardiorenal benefit (reduced risk of ASCVD, heart failure, or CKD) or glycemic and weight goals. For cardiorenal benefit, GLP1 receptor agonists and SGLT2
163 - The Two-Drug Tango: A Concise Guide to Tacrolimus and Mycophenolate in Organ Transplantation
In this episode, we review clinical pearls and common pitfalls of immunosuppression regimens for organ transplantation with a particular focus on tacrolimus and mycophenolate. Key Concepts Most recipients of an organ transplantation will be on a two or three drug regimen. The most common regimen is tacrolimus and mycophenolate with/without a corticosteroid. Tacrolimus is hepatically eliminated an
162 - A1C You Later: A Concise Review of Continuous Glucose Monitors for the Practicing Pharmacist
In this first ever CE episode, we discuss the A-Zs of continuous glucose monitors (CGMs). In specific, our learning objective for the CE are: Describe commonly available types of continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) in the US market and the features and capabilities of these devices. Summarize the evidence and guideline recommendations for use of CGMs in the management of diabetes. Identify th
161 - My Loss Is Your Gain! How Drug Repository Programs Are Helping Patients Afford High-cost Medications
In this episode, we interview Dr. Shannon Rotolo and Dr. Alex Berce regarding Illinois and Wisconsin drug repository programs – these are programs that allow certain medications to be donated to participating sites and then redistributed to patients at a very low dispensing cost. Key Concepts Drug repository programs allow participating sites to accept certain donated medications and redistribute
160 - Dextromethorphan for Depression? Analyzing Data for Auvelity® in Major Depressive Disorder
In this episode, we discuss the evidence, safety, and place in therapy of Auvelity® (dextromethorphan-bupropion), a newly approved antidepressant with a unique mechanism of action and interesting pharmacokinetic considerations. Key Concepts Auvelity® (bupropion-dextromethorphan) was FDA approved in 2022 for major depressive disorder (MDD). The bupropion component inhibits CYP2D6 metabolism and in
159 - A Breath of Fresh Air: Big Changes to the 2023 GOLD Guidelines for COPD
In this episode, we highlight important changes to the 2023 GOLD Guidelines for COPD. In particular, we discuss a revision to the GOLD group classification system and the preferred initial therapies in patients with COPD. Key Concepts The newest GOLD COPD guidelines now recognize three GOLD groups – "A", "B", and "E". Group "E" (formerly groups C and D) are patients with frequent exacerbations (d
158 - PADing Your Understanding of Peripheral Arterial Disease: A Brief Treatment Overview
In this episode, we will discuss all things peripheral arterial disease – definitions, staging, clinical presentation, risk factors, goals of therapy, and guideline-directed medication therapy recommendations including the newest evidence for the use of DOACs. Key Concepts Addressing modifiable risk factors (weight loss, smoking cessation, blood pressure and blood glucose control, dyslipidemia, s
157 - Everything Will Be ao-K+: Potassium Formulations and Dosing for Hypokalemia
In this episode, we review the management of a patient with hypokalemia, including both inpatient and outpatient supplementation with potassium chloride supplements and what dosage forms are available for potassium repletion. Key Concepts Most diets will provide sufficient potassium to avoid hypokalemia. Hypokalemia usually occurs due to drug therapy (such as diuretics) or GI losses from severe v
156 - There Is an App for That: Digital Health Advancements and More!
In this episode, we will define Digital Health, its categories and examples, describe how pharmacists are involved in DH practice, opportunities and limitations and future of DH. We will also discuss what implications DH has for educators, educational institutions, student pharmacists, pharmacists, and practice of pharmacy in general. Key Concepts Digital Health is currently a broad umbrella cate
155 - Oncology 911: Tumor Lysis Syndrome as an Oncologic Emergency
In this episode, we invite Dr. Amir Ali, PharmD, BCOP to discuss with us the pathophysiology, risk factors, prevention, and treatment clinical pearls of tumor lysis syndrome TLS). Key Concepts TLS is caused by rapid cell death of cancerous cells that results in intracellular contents "spilling" into the blood – this leads to high serum uric acid, high serum potassium, high serum phosphate, and LO
154 - What's New With Paxlovid: Drug Interactions, Pharmacist Prescribing, "Paxlovid Mouth", and a Brief Drug Review
In this episode, we review Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) from the perspective of its pharmacology, efficacy, safety, pharmacists' authority to prescribe, drug interactions, and rebound symptoms after Paxlovid therapy. Key Concepts Paxlovid is the preferred outpatient therapy for COVID-19 in patients at high risk for progressing to severe COVID-19. It likely has similar efficacy to IV monoclon
153 - Buy One Get One Free: Learning All about the Dual Acting GIP and GLP-1 Receptor Agonist
In this episode, we will discuss mechanism, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, safety, and possible place in therapy for tirzepatide (Mounjaro), a new treatment for type 2 diabetes. Key Concepts Tirzepatide is a novel GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist resulting in glucose-dependent secretion of insulin and a decrease in glucagon secretion. This medication was FDA approved in May 2022 for the treatment of t
152 - Strain-ger Things: Pneumococcal Vaccine Updates
In this episode, we will discuss the rationale behind the FDA approval of two new pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV20 and PCV15), the characteristics of these vaccines, their place in therapy as recommended by the ACIP, and subsequent CDC immunization schedule changes. Key Concepts Pneumococcal disease is mainly caused by various serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae and presentation can vary
151 - Deep Dive into Diltiazem: Pharmaceutics, Medicinal Chemistry, the FDA Orange Book, and More!
In this episode, we "deep dive" into diltiazem, describing its most important drug facts, pharmacology and medicinal chemistry, pharmaceutics, AB compatibility, and important medication safety issues. Key Concepts Diltiazem is a non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker (CCB). This type of CCB reduces both heart rate and blood pressure whereas dihydropyridine CCBs only reduce blood pressure. Di
150 - Keep on Going Strong: A Reflection of 150 HelixTalk Episodes Through the Years
In this episode, the hosts of the HelixTalk reflect back on the history and making of HelixTalk to commemorate the 150th episode. We review each of our three favorite episodes and with a brief reflection on the episode content. We have come a long way from where we began and it is all thanks to the wonderful listeners and contributors who have a common thing in mind: a quest and thirst for knowled
149 - Replenishing the Missing Element: A Complete Review of Iron Deficiency Anemia
In this episode, we will cover a complete overview of definition, diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Key Concepts Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common type of nutritional anemia. The most common risk factors are insufficient dietary intake, malabsorption, and increased requirement states like pregnancy or blood loss. Serum ferritin serves as the most c
148 - Grit, Determination, and Entrepreneurship: A Pharmacist's Career Path to Starting an Independent Pharmacy
In this episode, we interview Hetal Patel, PharmD and RFUMS COP Alumni, regarding her career path that eventually led her to open Lebanon Family Pharmacy in TN in 2021. We discuss the challenges and opportunities of starting a new independent pharmacy and what the future of independent pharmacy looks like. Key Concepts Starting a new, independent pharmacy requires substantial planning 8 to 12 mon
147 - Key Recommendations from the 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Heart Failure Guidelines
In this episode, we review new updates and key concepts from the 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure. This guideline is newly published (April 2022) and is a full update of the 2013 guidelines and the 2017 focused update for heart failure. Key Concepts Heart failure is classified as HFrEF (heart failure with reduced ejection fraction = 50% with increased LV filling pre
146 - New Drugs for Bad Bugs: Six Newer Antibiotics for Multidrug Resistant Pathogens
In this episode, we discuss six newer antibiotics that target multidrug resistant gram negative bacteria with Dr. Christie Bertram, PharmD, BCIDP. We review common resistance mechanisms, particularly to carbapenems, and highlight the current role in therapy for the following antibiotics: ceftolozane/tazobactam (Zerbaxa®), ceftazidime/avibactam (Avycaz®), meropenem/vaborbactam (Vabomere®), imipenem
145 - Advancing the Profession: Contraceptive Prescribing by Pharmacists in Illinois
In this episode, we bring in two guests to discuss the impact of professional advocacy and resulting professional advancements in the state of Illinois. These guests were the front-line agents of advocacy which resulted in pharmacists' ability to prescribe hormonal contraceptives for patients in Illinois (HB 135). We take a deep dive into their efforts to make this change possible, how it will imp
144 - mRNA Technologies and their Implications in Therapeutics: Q&A with Dr. Martin
In this episode, we interview Dr. Danyelle Martin, a Medical Science Liaison (MSL) at Moderna, in order to learn more about the what, how, and future of mRNA-based therapeutics, and what impact it can have on healthcare and healthcare professionals in general. Key Concepts Moderna has a "Research Engine" proprietary service that takes an mRNA idea from a web-based digital designer, to a digital o
143 - The Low Down on Hypothyroidism: The Essentials of What Healthcare Providers Need to Know
In this episode, we review the diagnostic criteria and treatment strategy of hypothyroidism including the controversy surrounding brand versus generic levothyroxine and non-levothyroxine thyroid drugs. Key Concepts The most common cause of hypothyroidism is autoimmune thyroiditis - the body attacks the thyroid gland cells. Typically in hypothyroidism, TSH levels will be high and thyroid hormone l
142 - New Gains in Weight Loss Pharmacotherapy
In this episode, we will build up on our previous Weight loss Pharmacotherapy Episode, episode #13 to discuss updates in guidelines, prevention of obesity from comorbidity standpoint, and new treatment agents for weight-loss with a particular focus on Contrave (naltrexone/bupropion), Saxenda (liraglutide), and Wegovy (semaglutide).
141 - What You Need to Know about Hepatorenal Syndrome: New Definitions, Treatments, and Clinical Pearls
In this episode, we provide a concise overview of the diagnosis and treatment of hepatorenal syndrome-acute kidney injury (HRS-AKI) with a focus on the new HRS-1 definition (now called HRS-AKI), new data with terlipressin, and the AASLD 2021 guidelines. Key Concepts At a basic level, HRS-AKI is caused by portal hypertension leading to systemic vasodilation and a prerenal state. Our treatment foc
140 - The Ultimate Guide to SSRIs: An In-Depth Drug Class Review
In this episode, we review the pharmacology, indications, adverse effects, and unique drug characteristics of the most common SSRIs on the market. Key Concepts SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) are the drug of choice for depression, anxiety, and a variety of other psychiatric indications. Fluoxetine (Prozac) and paroxetine (Paxil) inhibit CYP2D6, a metabolic pathway for several opio
139 - They Did What?! FDA Approval of Aducanumab for Alzheimer's Disease
In this episode, we discuss the recent accelerated approval of the new monoclonal antibody-based treatment agent, aducanumab (Aduhelm), by the FDA. We dive into the drug approval process, the efficacy and safety data, and the behind-the-scenes story of the FDA approval. Furthermore, we will present the controversy behind the approval and what it means for stakeholders. Key Concepts Aducanumab (Ad
138 - Hidden Pharmaceutics: The Fascinating Science Behind Dosage Formulations
In this episode, we discuss the fascinating science of pharmaceutics with Dr. Kristen Ahlschwede and Dr. Rahul Deshmukh. We explore how dosage forms and excipients play an important role in how a drug product behaves in the human body with a particular focus on fentanyl patches, osmotic tablets (with laser-drilled holes), Depakote Sprinkles, and IV amiodarone. Key Concepts Fentanyl patches were r
137 - It's Time for PBM Reform: How PBMs Have Hurt Pharmacies and Increased Drug Costs
In this episode, we reveal what goes on behind the scenes for drug pricing and pharmacy reimbursement with Dr. Benjamin Jolley. Our discussion covers important concepts like PBMs, DIR fees, MAC pricing, and even possible upcoming changes at the federal government. Key Concepts Prescription drug reimbursement is a major factor in the decline of independent pharmacies nationwide. Complex reimbursem
136 - Major Recommendations from the 2021 CHEST Anticoagulation for VTE Disease Guideline Updates
In this episode, we discuss the recently published major updates in the 9th edition of the anticoagulation guidelines from CHEST. These new recommendations range from initiation of therapy, secondary prevention, and management of post-thrombotic syndrome. Key Concepts Among patients with cancer-associated VTE, DOACs are preferred over low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) EXCEPT in patients with G
135 - Top Four Medications Myths: BUSTED!
In this episode, we debunk four medication myths that have persisted for decades: metronidazole and alcohol; statins and hepatotoxicity; cidal vs. static antibiotics; and "sulfa" allergies. Key concepts Metronidazole does not interact with alcohol (ethanol) and does not cause a disulfiram-like reaction. Statins can cause transient increases in liver function tests; however, these increases are no
134 - Hypertensive Emergencies Demystified: A Brief Clinical Review
In this episode, we provide a concise review of the diagnostic criteria and general treatment approach to patients with hypertensive emergencies. Key Concepts Hypertensive "urgency" is a misnomer - patients do not require immediate therapy and definitely should not receive IV therapy. In most cases, the goal blood pressure in hypertensive emergencies is to decrease by no more than 25% in the firs
133 - Tell Me More: Exploring Covid 19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Solutions!
In this episode, we will explore depths of COVID 19 vaccine hesitancy - what it is, how to identify and address it, and some helpful resources. Key Concepts When a patient seems hesitant to consider the COVID-19 vaccine, explore their hesitations further with a simple "why" or "tell more more" question. Understand the root of hesitancy and provide personalized responses using motivational intervi
132 - The Warp Speed of Covid-19 Vaccine Authorizations: Timeline and Discussion with Dr. Archana Chatterjee
In this episode, we will explore the history of COVID vaccine development and have a heart-to-heart conversation with Dr. Archana Chatterjee regarding her role as a dean of the RFUMS Chicago Medical School, her career path, and her position and functions on the FDA's Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee (VRBPAC).
131 - Come One, Come All: Know Everything about Beta-blockers!
In this episode, we will review the beta-blocker drug class. We discuss their pharmacology, pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters, evidence-based use, efficacy, and safety considerations. Key Concepts Various beta-blockers are divided into four main subtypes: non-selective, B1-selective, beta-blockers with alpha 1 antagonistic activity, and beta-blockers with intrinsic sympathomimetic activi
130 - From Pharmacy Student to Clinical Scientist in Pharma: An Interview with Dr. Anastasiya Koshkina
In this episode, we discuss pharmaceutical industry career paths with Dr. Anastasiya Koshkina, a graduate of the RFUMS College of Pharmacy and Associate Director and Clinical Scientist at The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson. Key Concepts When preparing for the fellowship application process, do your homework on the sector(s) you plan to apply for. It is crucial that you have
129: Let's Take It Down a Notch: Deprescribing PPIs
In episode 57, we had in depth discussion of safety issues, general use and recommendations for PPI therapy. In this episode, we briefly review PPI safety concerns and focus on strategies to deprescribe proton pump inhibitors. Key Concepts PPIs are approved as acid-reducing therapies to treat various conditions related to decreased gastric pH, however, undocumented use of PPI has increased over t
128 - Introducing HelixTalk's 2021 Drug Superlative Awards!
In this episode, we announce the debut of the HelixTalk Drug Superlative Awards -- awards given to medications on the market that are outstanding or notorious. In announcing these completely fictitious awards, we review key clinical pearls and pitfalls that every clinician should be aware of with these medications. Key Concepts Drug most likely to be remembered for COVID-19 ineffectiveness rather
127 - Naloxone to the Rescue! Opioid Overdose Treatment and More
In this episode, we will discuss basic pharmacology and use of naloxone, available formulations, evidence for its effectiveness, and naloxone-related pharmacy management and regulations. Key Concepts Naloxone, available in various formulations, is a quick-acting opioid reversal agent approved for use in opioid overdose cases. Naloxone access laws are in place in the majority of the states allowin
126 - Alex, I'll Take Enterococcal Resistance Patterns and Treatments for $1000
In this episode, we chat with Morgan Anderson, PharmD, BCIDP and alumna of RFUMS, about Enterococcal infections including patterns of antimicrobial resistance and recommended treatment options.
125 - Let's Get Personal: Talking Warfarin Pharmacogenomics
In this episode, we will briefly review the clotting cascade and warfarin's mechanism of action, and then discuss warfarin pharmacogenetics implications and what clinical recommendations and tools are available in order to calculate warfarin dose.
124 - The ABCs of EUAs: Understanding FDA Emergency Use Authorizations
In this episode, we discuss the FDA·s Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) process and review the resources available to healthcare providers when an EUA for a drug therapy is approved.
123 - Dr. Rosalind Franklin: Beyond Photo 51
In this episode, we interview the niece of Dr. Rosalind Franklin, the namesake of our university, who is also named Rosalind Franklin. As part of the university's centennial celebration of Dr. Franklin, we discuss her amazing life and scientific achievements and reflect on how her story can be applied to our own lives.
122 - The First Rule of Journal Club is That We Don't Talk About Journal Club
In this episode, we discuss how to excel in your next journal club presentation or discussion while avoiding the all-too-common pitfalls for this unique format.
121 - But Wait, There's More! Unusual Warfarin Interactions
In this episode, we will discuss some of the interesting and unusual warfarin interactions such as acetaminophen, alcohol, agents with antiplatelet properties, non-green vitamin K foods, and CBD/THC.
120 - When it Rains it Pours: A Succinct Clinical Review of Hyponatremia due to SIADH
In this episode, we discuss the pathophysiology, drug-related causes, diagnosis, and treatment of a common type of hyponatremia called the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH).
119 - What Is the Buzz about Bempedoic Acid for Dyslipidemia?
In this episode, we discuss the latest dyslipidemia treatment agent bempedoic acid and dive into its pharmacology, use, and clinical evidence.
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