OKAP Rapid Review
High-yield ophthalmology review podcast aimed at residents preparing for the OKAP exam and board certification. Episodes focus on core ophthalmic topics, clinical pearls, and rapid-fire question-style review. Designed to help trainees efficiently consolidate knowledge and improve test performance.
Episodes
Peds 28 – Pediatric Chronic Eye Care and Low Vision Rehabilitation
Long-term management of chronic pediatric eye disease with emphasis on visual rehabilitation, educational resources, and multidisciplinary care.
Peds 27 – Ocular Manifestations of Systemic Disease
Recognition of ocular findings associated with genetic, metabolic, neurologic, rheumatologic, and systemic pediatric diseases.
Peds 26 – Ocular Trauma in Childhood
Evaluation and treatment of pediatric ocular injuries including both blunt and penetrating trauma.
Peds 25 – Pediatric Uveitis
Diagnosis and management of infectious and noninfectious uveitis in pediatric patients.
Peds 24 – Disorders of the Retina and Vitreous
Inherited, congenital, vascular, and acquired retinal and vitreous diseases in children.
Peds 23 – Optic Nerve Head Abnormalities
Congenital and acquired optic nerve anomalies including optic nerve hypoplasia, coloboma, papilledema, and pseudopapilledema.
Peds 22 – Childhood Cataracts and Other Pediatric Lens Disorders
Evaluation and treatment of congenital and pediatric cataracts and other disorders of the crystalline lens.
Peds 21 – Childhood Glaucomas
Classification, diagnosis, genetics, and management of primary and secondary pediatric glaucomas.
Peds 20 – Disorders of the Anterior Segment
Congenital and acquired diseases of the cornea, iris, anterior chamber, and anterior segment structures.
Peds 19 – External Diseases of the Eye
Pediatric disorders affecting the conjunctiva, cornea, sclera, and ocular surface.
Peds 18 – Lacrimal Drainage System Abnormalities
Congenital and acquired disorders of the lacrimal drainage system including nasolacrimal duct obstruction.
Peds 17 – Orbital Disorders
Evaluation and management of congenital, inflammatory, vascular, infectious, and neoplastic orbital disease in children.
Peds 16 – Eyelid Disorders
Congenital and acquired pediatric eyelid disorders including ptosis, eyelid malposition, and eyelid lesions.
Peds 15 – Decreased Vision in Infants
Evaluation of infants with reduced vision including congenital, neurologic, retinal, and media opacity causes.
Peds 14 – Growth and Development of the Eye
Normal embryologic growth and ocular development from infancy through childhood.
Peds 13 – Surgery of the Extraocular Muscles
Principles of strabismus surgery including indications, techniques, adjustable sutures, and postoperative management.
Peds 12 – Childhood Nystagmus
Classification, diagnostic evaluation, and management of infantile and acquired pediatric nystagmus.
Peds 11 – Special Motility Disorders
Diagnosis and management of complex ocular motility disorders including Duane syndrome, Brown syndrome, congenital fibrosis syndromes, and cranial dysinnervation disorders.
Peds 10 – Vertical Deviations
Approach to hypertropias, hypotropias, dissociated vertical deviation, and vertical strabismus.
Peds 09 – Pattern Strabismus
Recognition and management of A-pattern, V-pattern, alphabet patterns, and associated oblique muscle dysfunction.
Peds 08 – Exodeviations
Evaluation and treatment of intermittent and constant exotropia and related exodeviations.
Peds 07 – Esodeviations
Classification, diagnosis, and management of accommodative and nonaccommodative esotropias.
Peds 06 – Diagnostic Evaluation of Strabismus and Torticollis
Systematic evaluation of ocular misalignment, abnormal head posture, and pediatric motility disorders.
Peds 05 – Amblyopia
Pathophysiology, diagnosis, classification, and evidence-based treatment of amblyopia.
Peds 04 – Sensory Physiology and Pathology
Development of binocular vision, stereopsis, suppression, anomalous retinal correspondence, and sensory adaptations to strabismus.
Peds 03 – Motor Physiology
Fundamental principles of ocular motility, binocular alignment, vergence, and normal eye movement physiology.
Peds 02 – Anatomy of the Extraocular Muscles
Review of extraocular muscle anatomy, innervation, vascular supply, and surgical anatomy relevant to pediatric ophthalmology.
Peds 01 – The Pediatric Eye Evaluation
Comprehensive approach to the pediatric eye examination including age-appropriate techniques, visual assessment, and common examination challenges.
Pathology 20 – Ocular Involvement in Systemic Malignancies
Covers metastatic disease and hematologic malignancies involving the eye and orbit. Emphasizes clinical presentation, pathologic diagnosis, systemic associations, and multidisciplinary management.
Pathology 19 – Retinoblastoma
Comprehensive review of retinoblastoma, including genetics, histopathology, patterns of spread, prognostic features, and current approaches to diagnosis and management.
Pathology 18 – Vascular Tumors
Reviews benign and malignant vascular tumors of the eye and orbit, including hemangiomas and vascular malformations. Focuses on characteristic pathology, associated syndromes, and clinical significance.
Pathology 16–17 – Introduction to Part II (Intraocular Tumors) and Melanocytic Tumors
Introduces the principles of ocular oncology and reviews melanocytic tumors of the uvea and conjunctiva. Emphasizes tumor classification, histopathology, prognostic factors, and clinicopathologic correlation.
Pathology 15 – Optic Nerve
Explores the pathology of the optic nerve, including glaucomatous damage, ischemic injury, inflammatory disorders, hereditary neuropathies, and compressive lesions.
Pathology 14 – Orbital and Lacrimal Drainage System
Reviews diseases affecting the orbit and lacrimal drainage system, including inflammatory disorders, vascular lesions, congenital abnormalities, and benign and malignant tumors.
Pathology 13 – Eyelids
Covers inflammatory, infectious, congenital, and neoplastic disorders of the eyelids. Focuses on the histopathologic features of common benign and malignant eyelid lesions.
Pathology 12 – Uvea
Reviews the pathology of the iris, ciliary body, and choroid, including inflammatory disorders, congenital abnormalities, vascular disease, and tumors involving the uveal tract.
Pathology 11 – Retina and Retinal Pigment Epithelium
Comprehensive review of retinal and RPE pathology, including degenerative, vascular, inflammatory, inherited, and neoplastic diseases. Emphasizes clinicopathologic correlation and disease mechanisms.
Pathology 10 – Vitreous
Examines normal vitreous anatomy and the pathologic processes affecting the vitreous cavity, including inflammation, hemorrhage, degeneration, and proliferative vitreoretinal disorders.
Pathology 9 – Lens
Reviews the pathology of congenital and acquired lens disorders, including cataract formation, metabolic disease, trauma, and postoperative changes affecting the crystalline lens.
Pathology 8 – Sclera
Covers inflammatory, degenerative, infectious, and congenital disorders of the sclera. Focuses on histopathologic features and their relationship to systemic disease.
Pathology 7 – Anterior Chamber and Trabecular Meshwork
Reviews the microscopic anatomy and pathology of the anterior chamber angle and trabecular meshwork, emphasizing mechanisms of glaucoma and pathologic changes associated with elevated intraocular pressure.
Pathology 6 – Cornea
Covers the histopathology of corneal disease, including dystrophies, degenerations, infections, inflammatory disorders, and transplant pathology. Emphasizes microscopic findings that correlate with clinical presentation.
Pathology 5 – Conjunctiva
Reviews the pathology of the conjunctiva, including inflammatory, degenerative, infectious, and neoplastic conditions. Focuses on characteristic histopathologic features and clinicopathologic correlation.
Pathology 4 – Wound Repair
Explores the cellular and molecular mechanisms of ocular wound healing, including inflammation, fibrosis, angiogenesis, and scar formation. Emphasizes how abnormal healing contributes to ophthalmic disease and surgical outcomes.
Pathology 3 – Special Testing and Procedures in Pathology
Reviews ancillary diagnostic techniques including immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, electron microscopy, molecular testing, and microbiologic studies. Focuses on selecting the appropriate test for specific ocular diseases.
Pathology 1–2 – Introduction and Specimen Handling
Introduces the principles of ophthalmic pathology, including specimen collection, fixation, processing, and interpretation. Emphasizes proper tissue handling and communication with the pathology laboratory to maximize diagnostic accuracy.
Uveitis 15 – Masquerade Syndromes
Covers neoplastic, degenerative, and other noninflammatory conditions that mimic uveitis. Emphasizes recognition of atypical presentations, appropriate diagnostic testing, and timely referral for definitive diagnosis.
Uveitis 14 – Endophthalmitis
Comprehensive review of infectious endophthalmitis, including postoperative, traumatic, endogenous, and bleb-associated disease. Focuses on diagnosis, microbiology, intravitreal therapy, and surgical management.
Uveitis 13 – Ocular Involvement in HIV Infection and AIDS
Reviews the spectrum of ocular disease seen in HIV infection, including opportunistic infections, immune recovery uveitis, HIV retinopathy, and the effects of antiretroviral therapy on ocular health.
Uveitis 12 – Infectious Uveitis: Nonbacterial Causes
Covers viral, fungal, protozoal, and parasitic causes of uveitis, emphasizing characteristic clinical findings, diagnostic testing, and organism-specific treatment strategies.
Uveitis 11 – Infectious Uveitis: Bacterial Causes
Reviews bacterial causes of uveitis, including syphilis, tuberculosis, Lyme disease, Bartonella, and other bacterial pathogens. Focuses on diagnosis, systemic evaluation, and targeted antimicrobial therapy.
Uveitis 10 – Posterior Uveitis and Panuveitis with Possible Systemic Associations
Covers posterior uveitis and panuveitis associated with systemic inflammatory diseases, including sarcoidosis, Behçet disease, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome, and other multisystem disorders.
Uveitis 9 – Posterior Uveitis: The White Dot Syndromes
Reviews the spectrum of white dot syndromes and other inflammatory disorders affecting the posterior segment, emphasizing distinguishing clinical features, multimodal imaging, and management.
Uveitis 8 – Noninfectious Anterior and Intermediate Uveitis
Covers the most common causes of anterior and intermediate uveitis, emphasizing clinical presentation, associated systemic diseases, differential diagnosis, and treatment strategies.
Uveitis 7 – Scleritis
Reviews the diagnosis and management of scleritis, including clinical subtypes, systemic autoimmune associations, appropriate diagnostic workup, and evidence-based medical management.
Uveitis 6 – Therapy for Uveitis
Comprehensive review of uveitis treatment, including corticosteroids, immunomodulatory therapy, biologic agents, and local surgical interventions. Focuses on selecting appropriate therapy while minimizing treatment-related complications.
Uveitis 5 – Diagnostic Considerations in Uveitis
Provides a systematic approach to evaluating patients with uveitis, emphasizing anatomic classification, clinical examination, laboratory testing, imaging, and development of an efficient differential diagnosis.
Uveitis 4 – Special Topics in Ocular Immunology
Covers advanced concepts in ocular immunology, including complement activation, cytokine signaling, immune tolerance, and emerging mechanisms involved in inflammatory eye disease.
Uveitis 3 – Ocular Immune Responses
Explores the unique immunologic environment of the eye, including immune privilege, anterior chamber-associated immune deviation (ACAID), and the balance between immune protection and preservation of vision.
Uveitis 2 – Immunization and Adaptive Immunity: The Immune Response
Reviews the development and regulation of adaptive immune responses, including antigen presentation, T- and B-cell activation, immunologic memory, and mechanisms underlying autoimmune ocular disease.
Uveitis 1 – Basic Concepts in Immunology: Effector Cells and the Immune System
Introduces the fundamental principles of immunology relevant to uveitis, including innate and adaptive immunity, immune cell function, cytokines, and the mechanisms that drive ocular inflammation.
Refractive Surgery 10 – Accommodative and Nonaccommodative Treatment of Presbyopia (Monovision, Corneal Inlays, Presbyopia-Correcting IOLs)
Current surgical strategies for presbyopia correction using corneal, lenticular, and intraocular approaches.
Refractive Surgery 09 – Intraocular Refractive Surgery (ICL, RLE, Phakic IOLs)
Phakic IOLs, refractive lens exchange, and intraocular options for correction of refractive error.
Refractive Surgery 08 – Considerations After Refractive Surgery (Enhancements, Post-LASIK Care)
Postoperative evaluation, enhancement planning, and long-term management after refractive surgery.
Refractive Surgery 07 – Refractive Surgery in Ocular and Systemic Disease
Special considerations for refractive surgery in patients with ocular pathology or systemic disease.
Refractive Surgery 06 – Femtosecond Lenticule Extraction (SMILE)
Principles, indications, outcomes, and complications of SMILE and related lenticule extraction procedures.
Refractive Surgery 05 – Photoablation Complications and Adverse Outcomes (Ectasia, Haze, Regression)
Recognition, prevention, and management of complications after corneal laser refractive surgery.
Refractive Surgery 04 – Photoablation Techniques and Outcomes (LASIK, PRK, LASEK)
Excimer laser refractive procedures with emphasis on surgical technique, outcomes, and patient expectations.
Refractive Surgery 03 – Incisional Corneal Surgery (RK, AK, Limbal Relaxing Incisions)
Principles, indications, techniques, and outcomes of incisional procedures for refractive correction.
Refractive Surgery 02 – Patient Evaluation (Topography, Tomography, Screening)
Preoperative assessment including refraction, topography, tomography, ocular surface evaluation, and patient selection.
Refractive Surgery 01 – The Science of Refractive Surgery (LASIK, PRK, SMILE Fundamentals)
Fundamental optical principles, corneal biomechanics, wound healing, and the scientific basis of refractive surgery.
Lens and Cataract: Quiz Questions Review
High-yield review questions covering key concepts in lens and cataract surgery.
Lens and Cataract Appendix – Historical Development of Cataract Surgery and Non-Phaco Techniques
Historical evolution of cataract surgery including extracapsular and intracapsular techniques.
Lens and Cataract 12 – Preparing for Cataract Surgery in Special Situations
Approach to cataract surgery in complex eyes and special patient populations.
Lens and Cataract 11 – Postoperative Surgical Course and Complications
Expected postoperative recovery and management of complications following cataract surgery.
Lens and Cataract 10 – Intraoperative Challenges in Cataract Surgery
Recognition and management of common intraoperative complications and difficult surgical scenarios.
Lens and Cataract 09 – Optimizing Refractive Outcomes in Cataract Surgery
Strategies to improve refractive accuracy including IOL calculations, astigmatism correction, and premium lens considerations.
Lens and Cataract 08 – Phacoemulsification for Cataract Surgery
Principles and techniques of phacoemulsification including wound construction, nucleus removal, and lens implantation.
Lens and Cataract 07 – Preoperative Considerations for Cataract Surgery
Preoperative assessment, surgical planning, biometry, and patient counseling for cataract surgery.
Lens and Cataract 06 – Evaluation and Management of Cataracts
Clinical evaluation, indications for surgery, and medical and surgical management of cataracts.
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