EM Basic
EM Basic is a podcast that serves as a boot camp guide to emergency medicine, designed for medical students and emergency medicine interns. It reviews common chief complaints in emergency medicine from the ground up, providing foundational knowledge for those new to the field.
Episodes
111 Hyperkalemia
Dr. Jordan Cramer joins Dan McCollum to discuss the management of hyperkalemia. Learn key aspects of the history and physical Discuss the importance of an early ECG. Discover important details about a variety of treatment options.
110 GI bleeds or Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage
Join Dr. Mike Wallace and Dan McCollum as they discuss the management of patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage. What is the initial management of these patients? Who requires blood transfusions? Which patients require admission to the floor or the ICU? Pearls and pitfalls in the management of these challenging patients are discussed. Enjoy!
109 Ear and Nasal Foreign Bodies
Join Dr. Alex Koo as he discusses ear and nasal foreign bodies. He'll give you a brief run-down of anatomy, history, and physical, before diving into comprehensive, key concepts of foreign body removal. There will be some great tips and tricks shared! -Where do foreign bodies commonly get stuck in the ear and nose? -What important historical and physical examination features should you focus on
108 Human Trafficking
Join Jordan Nogle as she discusses how to deliver the very best care for possible victims of Human Trafficking. What are subtle signs that your patient may be a human trafficking victim? What is your initial approach? How can you give your patient multiple options on how to proceed? What resources can you use? Join Jordan as she discusses this and much more!
107 Crush Injuries
Join Dr. Alex Koo as he discusses the management of crush injuries. What is crush syndrome? When should you be concerned about compartment syndrome? Why can you not wait for the 6 P's to develop before treating? How should you treat? Join us for this and more!
106 MIS-C or Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children
Join Zac Hodges as he discusses MIS-C with two local experts. Dr. Pushpa Shivaram is a pediatric cardiologist and Dr. Julisa Patel is a pediatric rheumatologist. They discuss What this syndrome is How to make this tough diagnosis Proper management of patients This is a brand new disease that we all need a refresher on.
105 Staying Cool Under Pressure or Building Sangfroid
Join emergency physician Dan Dworkis as he discusses with Dan McCollum how to remain cool under pressure. Dan and Dan discuss The importance of being cool under pressure The fallacy of believing experience equals the ability to handle pressure. Strategies for junior learners to build sangfroid This is a joint podcast between EM Basic and the Emergency Mind Podcast. You can find dozens of other
104 Dental Emergencies
Join Dr. Alex Koo, active duty Army emergency physician, as he discusses dental emergencies, a common emergency department complaint, but an uncommon educational topic. We'll discuss an approach to collecting a focused history, physical, as well as formulating a thorough differential and treatments for common ED dental emergencies. Some questions that we'll answer are: What are the red flags
103 Pediatric IV Fluids
Pediatric intensivist Dr. Will Cagle joins the show to discuss the AAP Maintenance IV fluid guidelines and considerations when choosing IV fluids for pediatric inpatients. What do you need to know from the 2018 AAP maintenance IV fluid guideline? How common is hyponatremia in hospitalized patients and why does it matter to your practice? What is SIADH and how does it contribute to hyponatremia i
102 Transfusions of Blood Products
Join EM physicians Mike Samuels and Dan McCollum as they discuss different blood products that can be transfused. Why don't we commonly use whole blood? Who needs to receive packed red blood cells? Are there any dangers to giving platelets? When is fresh frozen plasma needed? Episode 100 discussed potential complications, while this episode will discuss why you should be using these products.
101 Kawasaki Disease
Kawasaki: Dr. Pushpa Shivaram, an assistant professor of pediatrics and pediatric cardiologist at the Medical College of Georgia, joins Dr. Zac Hodges and Sonal Dugar (M4) to discuss this very important topic in pediatric medicine. What exactly is Kawasaki disease and why is this topic so important? How do you make the diagnosis and what other diagnoses should you consider? How can you diagnosis i
100 Transfusion Reactions
Transfusion reactions are a dreaded complication in the ED. Join emergency physicians Michael Samuels and Dan McCollum as they discuss the following and more! How do you recognize different types of transfusion reactions? How are different reactions managed? What infections can be seen with blood transfusion? Why is TRALI such a feared complication?
99 Bronchiolitis
Dr. Reda Bassali, professor of pediatrics and pediatric hospitalist at the Medical College of Georgia, joins Dr. Zac Hodges and Gavriella Mendel (M3) to discuss this very important topic in pediatric medicine. What exactly is bronchiolitis and why is this topic so important? How do you make the diagnosis and what other diagnoses should you consider? What treatments work, and more importantly, whic
98 COVID 19 Vaccine
Join Dan McCollum and Michael Stephens as they discuss the new vaccines against COVID-19. Are they studied well enough? How effective are they? What side effects occur, and are they serious? What do we NOT know about these vaccines? The approved vaccines are safe, effective, and highly recommended. Listen to this to find out more about the data behind them. A special thanks goes to Michael St
97 The B52 is Trash
Join ED clinical pharmacist Jimmy Pruitt and Dan McCollum as we discuss the reasons that the traditional "B52" cocktail of haloperidol, lorazepam, and diphenhydramine is badly in need of updating. Why this cocktail is slower than you think. Newer medications that are more effective. Smarter approaches to agitated patients. When ketamine should be used. This podcast is being cross published with
96 Treatment of Opioid Withdrawal with Buprenorphine
Join Dan McCollum and EM clinical pharmacist RJ LaCoursiere as they discuss the use of buprenorphine for the treatment of Opioid Use Disorder. Who should be considered for treatment with Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT)? Why should it be avoided if the patient isn't in acute withdrawal? What is a DEA X waiver and why should you look into getting waivered? How can we reduce stigma for these pat
95 Pediatric Respiratory Failure
Respiratory Failure August 10, 2020 Dr. Renuka Mehta, a pediatric intensivist at the Medical College of Georgia, joins Drs Matthew Smith and Zac Hodges to discuss the fundamentals of respiratory failure. What is the structure of the initial evaluation of a critically-ill child? What is exactly is respiratory failure? What is the role of non-invasive respiratory support in pediatric patients? W
94 Pediatric Sepsis
Join doctors Smitha Mathew, Kaitlin Verdone, Zac Hodges, and Dan McCollum as they navigate the difficult waters of pediatric sepsis. What exactly is sepsis? Are there any differences in the treatment of pediatric sepsis compared to adult sepsis? What should I do if I see a septic child at a small community Emergency Department? We discuss this and more in this episode!
93 Sore throat
Dr. Tony Zitek drops some knowledge on you about the deceptively complex topic of sore throats. What diagnoses are important other than strep and viral pharyngitis? Why should assess neck mobility during your physical examination? How should you treat common causes of sore throat? Join us for this and more on this episode!
92 Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
Join Christopher Watson, Zac Hodges, and Dan McCollum as they discuss the management of pediatric traumatic brain injury. What should you look for on exam? When is intubation appropriate? How can you treat increased intracranial pressure? Where should you send your patient if you are at a community emergency department? We go beyond the basics here, discussing a very challenging topic.
91 Urinary Tract Infections
Join emergency physician Tony Zitek as he guides you through the diagnosis and management of urinary tract infections. Which elements of the history and physical exam are key? What are the pearls and pitfalls in the diagnosis of UTI? When is a culture needed? How do I obtain a disposition? Join us for this and more as Dr. Zitek guides us through the surprisingly tricky management of this comm
90 COVID-19 and the novel coronavirus
Join Dan McCollum as he discusses COVID-19, the disease caused by the novel coronavirus. What are the symptoms of this disease? How is it spread? What personal protective equipment is needed? What are key elements of the history and physical exam? Are there any treatments that help? This is a rapidly evolving topic, so please use multiple sources, stay informed, and follow your local hospital's
89 Neonatal fever
Join Zac Hodges and Dan McCollum as they have a conversation about neonatal fevers with Dr. Kathryn McLeod, an experienced pediatrician at the Children's Hospital of Georgia. We discuss the general approach to taking the history and physical exam of a patient with a fever under the age of 90 days. Where did prior guidelines on the initial workup come from? How did immunizations change the risk
88 Pediatric Sickle Cell
Join physicians Eric Ring, Zac Hodges, and Dan McCollum as they discuss how to properly care for the pediatric patient with sickle cell disease. Dr. Eric Ring is a pediatric specialist in Hematology and Oncology at the Children's Hospital of Georgia in Augusta, GA. What are the critical elements of a history of present illness? What red flags should you look for on physical exam? What are the
87 Pediatric DKA
Join Zac Hodges, Chris Watson, and Dan McCollum as they discuss the management of pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis, or DKA. What are key findings on the history and physical exam that point to DKA? What is the initial management of these patients? How is the management similar and different than the management of DKA in adults? Join us for the answer to this and more.
PSA: Incidental Exposure to Fentanyl is NOT a thing!
Today's episode of the podcast is a myth busting on all the media reports about first responders overdosing by being exposed to fentanyl in the field by incidental contact. This is physically impossible and the misinformation out there has scared a lot of people, cost us lots of money in the form of hazmat responses and shutting down hospitals, and prevented overdose patients from getting the time
Neonatal Resuscitation with Drs. Azif Safarulla, Dan McCollum, and Jessica Gancar
EM Basic is finally back with a new episode. Today's episode will discuss neonatal resuscitation with Dr. Azif Safarulla, a neonatologist at Augusta University. Dr. Dan McCollum and Dr. Jessica Gancar interview Dr. Safarulla on the nuts and bolts of running a successful neonatal resuscitation in the ED. These can be one of the scariest populations we have in the ED so it's important to have a rat
Big Picture Advice to New EM Interns
Just a few days after the new EM interns start, today's episode will talk about my advice to new EM interns. Think of this as the "big picture advice" or a 30,000 foot view of how to approach EM residency. I'll talk about 4 major big picture points to keep in mind as you start your residency. This will go way beyond arrive early, stay late, and always keep learning and expand on some big pictur
Sickle Cell Anemia by Dr. Jared Walker
Today's episode is on the evaluation and management of sickle cell anemia in the Emergency Department. Dr Jared Walker, a third year EM resident at the University of Florida Jacksonville, has written and recorded this excellent review of sickle cell disease. This episode will discuss how to properly assess patients with sickle cell, how to order the right labs and imaging, what red flags to look o
North American Snake Bites by Dr. David Hansen
Today's episode will discuss North American poisonous reptile bites with a focus on snake bites. This episode was written and recorded by Dr. David Hansen, an active duty physician with the US Army. It will review common presentations of snake bites, the relevant history and exam findings, the labs to order, how to decide when to use anti-venom and properly administer it. There is also a bonus
Hyperthermia by Dr. Andrea Sarchi
This episode is on hyperthermia- just in time for the warmer weather. However, hyperthermia has many different causes so this episode will review them all. Dr. Andrea Sarchi wrote this script which was recorded by Jacob Schriner, MS-3 at Emory University School of Medicine. This episode will review the necessary history and physical exam findings, ordering the right labs and tests, and how to t
Thyroid Emergencies by Dr. Patrick Ng
Today's episode is a quick review of Thyroid emergencies by Dr. Patrick Ng, a 3rd year EM resident in San Antonio, recorded by Jacob Schriner MS-3. Thyroid emergencies can be difficult to recognize in the ED because they present in so many different ways. Today's episode will review how to recognize these emergencies, order the right tests, and provide the correct critical treatments.
Sepsis Definitions
This episode is a re-broadcast of the first sepsis episode in February 2012. I am republishing the part of that episode that deals with the definitions of sepsis. I think the new sepsis guidelines rely too much on clinician judgment and gestalt in identifying septic patients so this will be helpful to learners. To be clear- the term severe sepsis is not in use any more- we only have sepsis and
Sepsis 3.0- March 2017
This episode is a total revamp of the previous episode on sepsis. A lot has changed with sepsis management since I published the sepsis episode in February 2012 so it was time for a complete overhaul. The new sepsis guidelines have been out for about a year and I finally got around to updating the episode. This episode will discuss the recognition of sepsis, how to do a good physical exam and a
Croup by Stewart Harsant and Taylor Fischer, PA-Cs
Today's episode is on Croup- just in time for the middle of the croup season. Your ED may even be filled with kids with a barking cough as we speak. Today's episode was written by Taylor Fischer and Stewart Harsant, two physician assistants who have done an excellent job of summarizing this common pediatric disease process. This episode will review the diagnosis of croup, how to risk stratify k
Ortho Inservice Review Part 3- Pelvic Injuries, Lower Extremity, Peds Ortho
This is Ortho Inservice Review Part 3 which covers injuries to the Pelvis, Lower Extremities, and Pediatric Ortho conditions. This screencast originally appeared on the Emergency Board Review Podcast in 2012.
Ortho Inservice Review- Part 2
This is Ortho Inservice Review Part 2 which will cover injuries to the wrist and hand. This screencast originally appeared on the Emergency Board Review Podcast in 2012.
Ortho Inservice Review Part 1- Thorax and Upper Extremities
In Part 1 of this 3 part series for Orthopedics inservice review we'll review orthopedic injuries to the Thorax and Upper Extremities. This is a screencast that was originally broadcasted on the Emergency Board Review website and podcast in 2012.
Hypothermia by Dr. Andrea Sarchi
Just in time for the midway point of the winter season, this is a podcast on management of hypothermia in the ED. Dr. Andrea Sarchi wrote the script which was recorded by Jacob Schriner, a second year medical student at Emory University School of Medicine. In this episode we'll review the basics of hypothermia diagnosis, history and physical exam pearls, treatment and disposition of these patien
Opioids in the ED Part 2 with Dr. Sheyna Gifford
In part 2, Dr Sheyna Gifford will discuss the how to differentiate opioid overdose from other causes of altered mental status, some special disposition situations (especially with methadone), and how we can quickly screen for opioid abuse and provide patients compassionate care, treatment, and referral.
Opioids Part 1 with Dr. Sheyna Gifford
It's no secret that we have a major opioid problem in the United States. The number of people addicted to opioids has reached epidemic proportions and we are certainly seeing this everyday in the Emergency Department. In this episode Dr. Sheyna Gifford discusses a few facts about the scope of this epidemic, the basics of recognizing opioid overdose, and initial stabilization and treatment. She
The undifferentiated sick infant by Dr. Tim Horeczko
EM Basic is back with a re-broadcast from the awesome podcast Pediatric Emergency Playbook by Dr. Tim Horeczko. Tim is a double boarded in EM and Peds EM and works at Harbor-UCLA hospital. This was the first episode he published at the beginning of September and it is pure gold. Tim goes beyond the febrile neonate and talks about how to consider all possible causes for a sick infant- not just a
Heme Onc Part 2- Hematology Emergencies
This is part 2 of the Heme Onc Emergencies series. This episode will talk about common hematology emergencies that we see in the ED. Sickle cell disease will be its own episode but this episode will talk about the approach to anemia in the ED, as well as the approach to hemophilias, ITP and TTP. While you will see lots of anemic patients in the ED, the other diseases are rare but we have to be
Heme Onc Part 1- Oncology Emergencies
This is the first of a two part series on Heme-Onc Emergencies. In this episode, we'll discuss oncology emergencies to include neutropenic fever, tumor lysis syndrome, malignant spinal cord compression and malignant pericardial effusion. Neutropenic fever is a common chief complaint for patients on chemotherapy so we have to be good at this chief complaint.
Measles
Today's episode is another installment of the EM Basic Project. Dr. Sheyna Gifford and Dr. Chrisanna Mink will talk about measles. This is a disease that we thought we had stamped out long ago with vaccination but the rise of the anti-vaccine movement has caused several small outbreaks so we need to be ready and on the lookout. They will discuss how to recgonize measles, how to order the right
Aortic Dissection (Audio only)
Today marks the 4th anniversary of the EM Basic podcast. To celebrate this occasion, we are going to do a screencast on aortic dissection. This is a very challenging disease to diagnose because patients have lots of different presentations that can make it difficult to diagnose. We'll talk about the common presentations of dissection, the not-so-common presentations, how to order the right imag
Aortic Dissection Screencast
Today marks the 4th anniversary of the EM Basic podcast. To celebrate this occasion, we are going to do a screencast on aortic dissection. This is a very challenging disease to diagnose because patients have lots of different presentations that can make it difficult to diagnose. We'll talk about the common presentations of dissection, the not-so-common presentations, how to order the right imag
Non-Pregnant Vaginal Bleeding
Today's episode of EM Basic will review vaginal bleeding in patients who are not pregnant. This is a much different workup from pregnant patients with vaginal bleeding so we have to know how to effectively manage this chief complaint.
This episode was written and recorded by Dr. Adaira Landry, an EM senior resident at NYU/Bellevue and Joe Kennedy, a 4th year medical student at Mayo who matched in
Tactical Combat Casualty Care (TCCC)
Today's episode will cover Tactical Combat Casualty Care (TCCC), aka Care Under Fire, aka Care in the Immediately Unsafe Environment. Dr. Andy Bohn, a residency colleague, recorded today's episode to talk about the basics of taking care of any patient in an unsafe environment. While the military connotations of this may make you uncomfortable, the techniques and protocols he discusses can be dir
Epistaxis
EM Basic is back with a brand new episode. Today's episode was done by Dylan Norton and David Murphy, both 4th year medical students at the University of Colorado Medical School. We see epistaxis a lot in the ED and while most of it is mild and self limiting, there are frequently cases that take a lot of skill to manage. They'll talk about the basics of the history and physical with epistaxis,
EM Basic is now partnering with EB Medicine
This is a quick announcement to let you know that EM Basic is now partnering with EB Medicine as our bandwidth sponsor. EB Medicine publishes many resources in Emergency Medicine to include EM Practice, Pediatric EM Practice, as well as LLSA reviews. These reviews are made by EM physicians for EM providers and provide the latest evidence based medicine reviews of common EM chief complaints. Rec
Febrile Seizures
In this episode we are going to talk about febrile seizures. We see this chief complaint a lot in the ED so it's important that we know this topic really well. Today's script was written by Dr. Andrea Sarchi and will review how to do a good history and physical, how to rule out serious pathology without overtesting, and how to talk with parents. While simple febrile seizures don't cause any har
Ebola Update
Ebola has been in the news for the past few months and it has taken on more urgency in the US as cases have arrived from outside the country Within the past week, transmission to two healthcare workers outside of Africa has been reported. Dr. Prabu Selvam, an intern at the Wright-Pratt Emergency Medicine Residency, provided the resources for today's episode on Ebola. In this short episode we wi
Psychiatric Emergencies Part 2
Today's episode is the second and final part of Dr. Sheyna Gifford's interview with Dr. Les Zun on psychiatric emergencies. This episode will talk more about treating depressed patients, what you can do for patients who board in your ED for hours to days to even a week, and medications used for treatment of acute agitation in the ED.
Psychiatric Emergencies Part 1
Today's episode is another installment in the EM Basic Project. Dr. Sheyna Gifford took on the task of interviewing Dr. Les Zun, a nationally known speaker on the topic of psychiatric emergencies. While we did an episode on psychiatric medical screening before, this episode will focus on some of the tougher situations we encounter in the ED. For example- What do we do about the patient who is d
Hepatic Emergencies from FOAMcast
Today I am handing over the podcast to FOAMcast by Drs. Lauren Westafer and Jeremy Faust. A little more than a month ago, Dr. Nick Genes challenged twitter to create core content FOAM for hepatic emergencies. Lauren and Jeremy did an excellent episode on this topic on FOAMcast so here it is- re-broadcasted on EM Basic. They'll review common hepatic emergencies and their managementi in the ED an
Airway Update Screencast
Today is the third anniversary of the EM Basic podcast. To celebrate this milestone, this is a screencast titled "Airway Update". I first prepared this lecture about two years ago for a conference but the topics are still relevant today. This will be most useful for medical students and EM interns who may not have been exposed to these airway topics. This screencast will help catch you up on w
Salicylate Overdose
Today's episode is another installment for the EM Basic Project by Dr. Andrea Sarchi. Salicylate overdose is a toxidrome that we have to be on the lookout for in the ED. While some cases are obvious because the patient or EMS can tell us what they took, some cases are subtle and require vigilance to make the diagnosis. In this episode we'll review the important history and physical points, how
Acetaminophen overdose
Today's episode talks about the diagnosis and management of Acetaminophen overdose. This is another addition to the EM Basic Project written by Andrea Sarchi.
We encounter acetaminophen overdose frequently in the ED and we need to be on the look out for this because patients can be completely asymptomatic. If we don't catch it, acetaminophen overdose can result in liver failure requiring transpl
Documentation
In today's episode we are going to talk about documentation in the ED. It is very important that we are complete but concise in our documentation in order to provide an accurate record for the patient's ED patient to protect them and ourselves from problems down the road. Good documentation is good patient care so we need to know how to do this efficiently. We will review each part of the chart
Asymptomatic Hypertension
The patient's blood pressure is 190/80 but they feel fine...how do we treat these patients in the ED? Labs? EKG? BP meds? Admission???...but they are here for an ankle sprain! Asymptomatic hypertension is a challenging complaint to deal with in the ED because of so many conflicting opinions and worries but it doesn't have to be difficult. In this episode, we'll discuss a systematic and ration
PE Part 2
This episode is part 2 of the PE podcast where we will discuss risk stratification and treatment of PE. It's important that we accurately quanitfy the amount of clot burden that the patient has to order the right treatment and admit them (or maybe even discharge them) to the right location. We'll talk about how to classify massive, sub-massive, and "non-massive" PEs and how to treat them. We'll
PE Part 1
This episode has been a long time in the making- presenting Pulmonary Embolism, part 1. PE is a deadly diagnose that we frequently have to consider in the ED. The presentations can be very varied but we need to know how to work up this disease while avoid unnecessary testing and harm to our patients. In part 1, we will discuss risk factors for PE, symptoms that should make you suspicious for PE
Oxygen in COPD- followup
The last podcast on COPD led to some great discussion online about the use of oxygen in patients with COPD. To address this, Drs. Tim Peck and Colby Redfield are back with a quick summary to clarify how to best use oxygen in patients with COPD. There's also another cameo by the one and only Dr. Peter Rosen on how to suceede in emergency medicine.
COPD/Shortness of breath
EM Basic is back with another episode of the EM Basic Project. In today's episode Drs. Tim Peck and Colby Redfield review the chief complaint of shortness of breath with a focus on COPD. Even though we did an episode on shortness of breath a while back, it's always great to get a new perspective on this chief complaint. Today's episode also features a very special guest cameo by the name of Dr.
Monoarticular arthritis
This is the premiere of the first contribution to the EM Basic Project. Dr. Brian Cohn from Washington University in Saint Louis, Missouri is on the podcast today talking about mono-articular arthritis. He reviews the common physical exam findings, the appropriate lab work and medications, how to avoid common pitfalls in this diagnosis, some evidence based medicine pearls and even some relevant
Anatomy of a Resuscitation
This episode is something unlike anything I have ever done with EM Basic. I had a case recently of a super sick patient who required a big resuscitation. Fortunately, the patient did great and was gracious enough to give me her permission to share her case so that others can learn. In this episode, we'll go over what happened with this patient step by step and I'll review some valuable teaching
The EM Basic Project
This is an announcement instead of an episode. Introducing the EM Basic Project. If you are a senior resident or attending in emergency medicine- this is your chance to contribute to the podcast. I will be accepting quality submissions for the podcast with help every step of the way. I'm also looking for a webmaster to help spruce up the blog page. In addition- if you have an idea for a blog
Anaphylaxis Part 2- Airway
In this episode, we'll talk about how to manage the airway in patients with anaphylaxis or any other upper airway obstruction. These can be some of the most difficult airways to manage and we can run into trouble if we don't have a good plan ahead of time. Some of this is a little "advanced" and "cutting edge" but it's important to have as many tools in your arsenal when dealing with these criti
Anaphylaxis Part 1- Diagnosis and Treatment
Anaphylaxis is a potentially deadly diagnosis that requires quick action. In this episode, we will discuss the diagnosis and management of the entire spectrum of allergic reactions from mild cutaneous reactions to life threatening anaphylaxis. This is the first episode in a 2 part series. Part 2 will discuss airway management in anaphylaxis and other upper airway obstructions situations.
Essential Evidence #8 - The PERC Rule
Today's Essential Evidence Episode discusses the paper that derived and validated the PE Rule-out Criteria or PERC rule. This is a clinical decision aid that we can use to reliably exclude pulmonary embolism in emergency department patients without any further testing. We'll talk about some background on diagnosing PE in the ED, the study design, how to use the PERC rule in your everyday practic
Seizures
We encounter seizure disorders frequently in the ED. In this episode, we'll review all the important points about seizures including the confusing and difficult topic of pseudosezures. We'll also go in depth on the ED treatment of seizures and status epilepticus.
EM Basic Essential Evidence- 7 SAEM Occult Bacteremia
We're back with a new episode of Essential Evidence. This article is from Academic Emergency Medicine March 2009 and it talks about getting blood cultures in well appearing kids aged 3 to 36 months. We used to get a lot of blood cultures in these well appearing kids with fever but this article was the final nail in the coffin that got us to stop doing that. It's hard to believe that based on ho
Eye Complaints
EM Basic is back and ready for the new year. We see various eye complaints a lot in the ED. This episode will review common eye complaints, their treatments, and a bonus section on how to do a lateral canthotomy.
EM Basic Essential Evidence- PECARN Head CT Rule
This episode reviews the article that most people call the PECARN head CT rule or the Kupperman head CT rule (named for the first author). This is an easy to use clinical decision rule that can help us reduce the number of head CTs that we do on children with minor head injury. We owe it to our patients to spare them excess radiation, cost, and time in the ED and this rules helps us do this. In or
Psychiatric Medical Screening
In this episode, we will discuss how to perform medical screening for patients with psychiatric complaints. While most of these workups are routine, we have to be able to catch the small percentage of patients who have a medical cause to their psychiatric complaint. Don't think it can't happen to you- it almost happened to me twice during residency! We'll discuss how to stay safe while evaluat
EM Basic Essential Evidence- Therapeutic Hypothermia
This episode of EM Basic Essential Evidence will review the two articles that led to the adoption of therapeutic hypothermia as a treatment for survivors of cardiac arrest. This is a simple yet highly effective therapy that improves survival and neurological outcome in survivors of cardiac arrest so it is important that we know and understand these two articles.
EM Basic Essential Evidence- BMJ Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
This is an article published in the last year in the British Medical Journal that looked at the sensitivity of modern CT scanners in detecting subarachnoid hemorrhage. This article made a lot of waves because it suggested that a head CT within 6 hours of headache onset is 100% sensitive for subarachnoid hemorrhage. Some have called it a practice changer that allows us to avoid doing a lumbar punc
Non-invasive Ventilation
Non-invasive ventilation is a great technique that we can use for just about any patient who is short of breath. We can use it to avoid intubation in our patients who are close to respiratory failure. In this episode, we'll talk about how non-invasive ventilation works, which patients we can use it on, and how to actually make it happen. For that last part, I'll borrow from a post by Seth Treug
EM Basic Essential Evidence- The NEXUS Study
This episode will discuss the NEXUS study. NEXUS was a study that studied thousands of patients to validate a set of rules so that we can "clinically clear" patients with possible c-spine injury without getting an x-ray. This study has helped us avoid radiation in certain low-risk patients, saved the cost of x-rays and CT scans, and speed these patients through the ED. We'll talk a lot about the
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