What's it Worth? A Journal Club Podcast
What's it Worth? A Journal Club Podcast delves into clinical trials, teaching healthcare students and practitioners how to critically evaluate evidence. Each episode explores study design, biostatistics, and the application of research to clinical practice. The podcast aims to sharpen listeners' science sleuth skills through deep dives into specific trials.
Episodes
S4E10 - Watchman Vs. DOACs for Prevention of Stroke & Systemic Embolism
Stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation is always a balancing act: reduce clot risk without causing unacceptable bleeding. For years, oral anticoagulants have been the cornerstone of that decision. But what happens when a device enters the conversation? In this episode, host Dr. Diana Langworthy is joined by Dr. Jen Osborn, cardiology clinical pharmacy specialist at UMMC East Bank Hospital and re
S4E9.5 - What's it Worth? For Everyone. Can Lavender Oil Help Anxiety? What to Know About Silexan
In this What's It Worth? For Everyone episode, we're asking: Can lavender oil help with anxiety? If you've ever felt anxious before a big test, job interview, medical appointment, or major life event, you're not alone. But when is anxiety a normal response to stress — and when is it something more, like generalized anxiety disorder? In this episode, we talk about the difference between sh
S4E9 - Anxiety Treatment Rankings: What a Network Meta-Analysis Can and Can't Tell Us
Welcome back to What's it Worth? In this episode, we tackle treatment options for a common mental health concern - anxiety. Your host, Dr. Diana Langworthy, is joined by Dr. Lucas Kosobuski, an inpatient pharmacist at St. Luke's in Duluth with prior experience providing ambulatory care services in an inpatient substance use treatment program. Together, they decode a 2025 systematic review and netw
S4E8 - Is it Possible to Decouple Bleeding from Clotting? Insights from the AZALEA-TIMI 71 Trial (Factor XI Series Part 2 of 2)
In Part 2 of our back-to-back series on the novel frontier of Factor XI inhibition, host Dr. Diana Langworthy and student co-hosts Caleb Nelson-Lange and Tim Haas dive into the AZALEA-TIMI 71 trial. Following our Part 1 discussion on the early termination of the OCEANIC-AF trial (asundexian), we turn our attention to abelacimab—a high-affinity, fully human monoclonal antibody that targets Factor X
S4E8.5 - What's it Worth? For Everyone. Are We Waiting Too Long for New Treatments?
In this What's It Worth? For Everyone episode, we're asking: Are we waiting too long for new treatments? If you've ever heard about a promising new medication, peptide, or breakthrough therapy and wondered, "If it works so well, why isn't everyone using it yet?"—you're not alone. It can feel frustrating to hear about exciting discoveries while waiting years before they become part of routine healt
S4E8 - Why Efficacy Matters: Dissecting the Early Termination of Asundexian (Factor XI Series Part 1 of 2)
Welcome to Part 1 of our "What's it Worth?" deep dive into the next generation of anticoagulation. In this episode, host Dr. Diana Langworthy and student co-hosts Tim Haas and Caleb Nelson-Lange take on the OCEANIC-AF trial. This Phase 3, non-inferiority trial was designed to prove that the oral Factor XIa inhibitor, asundexian, could match the gold-standard apixaban in preventing stroke while si
S4E7.5 - What's it Worth? For Everyone. AFib, Blood Thinners, and Liver Disease: Questions to Ask Your Doctor
In this What's It Worth? For Everyone episode, we're talking about AFib, blood thinners, and liver disease. AFib stands for atrial fibrillation. It is a common heart rhythm problem that can increase the risk of stroke. Because of that stroke risk, many people with AFib are prescribed a blood thinner. But what if someone has AFib and also has liver disease or cirrhosis? That decision can be more co
S4E7 - The Cirrhosis Paradox: Solving the DOAC vs. Warfarin Mystery in Liver Disease
For patients with atrial fibrillation and chronic liver disease, the "correct" anticoagulation strategy has long been a clinical catch-22. Balancing the high risk of stroke against the elevated risk of catastrophic bleeding—all while navigating a lack of randomized controlled trial (RCT) data—leaves clinicians in a difficult position. In this episode, host Dr. Diana Langworthy is joined by Dr. Eri
S4E6.5 - What's It Worth? For Everyone: Does Tylenol Cause Autism? What Studies Can and Can't Tell Us
Welcome to What's It Worth? For Everyone — a shorter, everyone-friendly version of What's It Worth? focused on making health evidence clearer, calmer, and easier to use. In this episode, Dr. Diana Langworthy revisits the recent What's It Worth? long-form discussion with Dr. Tory Pressman and Dr. Alexis Quade about Tylenol — also known as acetaminophen or paracetamol — during pregnancy and concerns
S4E6 - Tylenol and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Reassurance from a 2026 Systematic Review
Welcome back to What's it Worth! Join your host, Dr. Diana Langworthy, and guests Dr. Alexis Quade and Dr. Tory Pressman, as they break down a 2026 systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating prenatal paracetamol exposure and child neurodevelopmental outcomes, including autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and intellectual disability. After renewed public a
S4E5 - COBRRA Trial Breakdown: Bleeding Risk with Apixaban vs Rivaroxaban
Welcome back to What's it Worth! Join your host, Dr. Diana Langworthy, and guest host Tim Haas, PharmD Candidate 2028, as they break down the COBRRA trial — a head-to-head comparison of apixaban vs. rivaroxaban for the treatment of acute venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). For years, clinicians have debated whether one DOAC may carr
S4E4 - Beyond Dopamine: Xanomeline-Trospium in Acute Schizophrenia
Welcome back to What's it Worth! For over 70 years, the treatment of schizophrenia has been synonymous with dopamine D2 receptor blockade—until now. Join your host, Dr. Diana Langworthy, and guest Dr. Alexandra Rola (Psychiatry Clinical Pharmacist and Assistant Professor at Binghamton University) as they dive into the EMERGENT-3 trial. We're dissecting the efficacy and safety of xanomeline-trospiu
S4E3 - The GLP-1 Battle: Cardiovascular outcomes of Tirzepatide vs. Dulaglutide in the SURPASS-CVOT Trial
Welcome back to What's it Worth! In this episode, your host Dr. Diana Langworthy is joined by Mia Lussier, PharmD, MS, Clinical Assistant Professor at Binghamton University and ambulatory care specialist, to dissect the results of the SURPASS-CVOT trial . As the first large-scale trial directly comparing a dual GLP-1/GIP agonist to a proven GLP-1 receptor agonist for cardiovascular outcomes, we
S4E2 - The Kidney Formula Conundrum: Navigating eCrCl vs. eGFR in DOAC Dosing
Welcome back to What's it Worth! Join your hosts, Dr. Diana Langworthy and guest Dr. Rachel Khan (Associate Professor at VCU School of Pharmacy), as they navigate the murky waters of renal function assessment in anticoagulant users. This episode dissects a critical insight from the ORBIT-AF II registry: the variability in DOAC (NOAC) dose eligibility when labs use newer kidney estimates . While
S4E1 | Asking Better Questions of Evidence in 2026
In this brief 2026 season opener, host Diana Langworthy, PharmD, BCPS pauses to acknowledge the weight of the moment—particularly here in Minnesota—where uncertainty, fear, and harm are being felt in very real ways across communities. This episode is not about policy analysis or debate. It's a reflection on what it means to hold space for thinking, teaching, and care when the world feels unstable—
S3E14 | Defending Evidence in a Broken Trust Environment
Welcome back What's it Worth? listeners. This episode steps away from traditional trial critique. It's a year-end reflection on what it means to practice evidence-based healthcare at a moment when trust in science, institutions, and clinicians is eroding—and when evidence itself is increasingly being misused to create fear rather than understanding. This episode is for frontline healthcare profess
S3E13 | Secondary SBP Prophylaxis — Asking Better Questions of Retrospective Data
Episode Summary Secondary prophylaxis after spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) has long been considered standard of care—but how strong is the evidence behind it? In this episode, host Dr. Diana Langworthy is joined by Dr. Ben Webber (hospital medicine physician) and Danielle Luettel (PharmD Candidate 2026) to unpack a contemporary observational study examining outcomes associated with SBP pr
S3E12 | Tirzepatide vs Semaglutide for Obesity — What Did SURMOUNT-5 Teach Us?
Episode Summary SURMOUNT-5 delivers the first head-to-head comparison of tirzepatide vs semaglutide in adults with obesity but without diabetes. In this episode, host Dr. Diana Langworthy and expert guest Dr. Kylee Funk (clinical pharmacist in primary care at Mill City Clinic specializing in weight management and diabetes) unpack the trial's design, results, interpretation, safety considerations,
S3E10 | GLP-1 Medications and Migraine - Exploring the Pressure Hypothesis
🧠 Episode Summary Could a medication designed for weight loss change how we think about migraine prevention? In this episode, host Diana Langworthy sits down with returning guest Dr. Natalie Heinrich, PharmD and student contributor Nena Abosi, PharmD Candidate 2026 to unpack a 2025 Headache pilot study evaluating liraglutide as an add-on therapy for adults with obesity and high-frequency or chroni
S3E9 | Glucose-Lowering Drugs and COPD Exacerbations — Dual Benefits of SGLT2 and GLP-1 Therapy?
New population-based study suggests SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists may reduce COPD exacerbations in patients with type 2 diabetes. In this episode of What's It Worth?, we examine a large real-world study assessing whether glucose-lowering medications influence the risk of COPD exacerbations in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We focus on SGLT2
S3E8 | SABATO Trial - Oral vs IV Antibiotics for Uncomplicated MSSA Bacteremia
Can stable patients with uncomplicated Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia finish therapy by mouth? The SABATO trial tested early oral switch versus full-course IV therapy. In this episode, we decode the SABATO trial - a randomized, open-label, non-inferiority study that compared continued intravenous (IV) antibiotics with an early oral switch in low-risk Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB). Guest
S3E7 | Aluminum-Adsorbed Vaccines and Chronic Disease Risk in Children — Danish Nationwide Cohort (Annals 2025)
Large Danish study finds no link between aluminum-containing childhood vaccines and chronic diseases — including autism and ADD/ADHD. In this episode, we unpack the 2025 Annals of Internal Medicine study evaluating whether early-life exposure to aluminum-adsorbed vaccines is associated with autoimmune, allergic, or neurodevelopmental outcomes such as autism spectrum disorder or ADHD. We review the
S3E6 (#22) Twice is Nice! Lenacapavir vs Daily Emtricitabine/Tenofovir for PrEP
Welcome back to What's it Worth! Join your host, Dr. Diana Langworthy and returning co-host Dr. Meade Avery (2025 U of MN CoP Grad!!) as we PrEPare our clinical conclusions about a novel antiviral for HIV prevention. We also welcome an HIV expert, Dr. Daniel (Jude) Holt, who is a clinical pharmacist at North Memorial Health in the Infectious Diseases clinic. The study we critique compares twice y
S3E5 (#21) Empagliflozin Meets MASLD: Hope, Hype, or Hypothesis?
Welcome back to What's it Worth! Join your hosts, Dr. Diana Langworthy and Dr. Peyton Braun (PGY1 Pharmacy Resident), as we sift through strengths and limitations of at trial assessing the effects of empagliflozin on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The authors sought to quantify the impact of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 - inhibitors (SGLT2i's) on Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Liver Diseas
S3E4 (#20) STOP in the name of eGFR? Continuing vs. stopping ACEi/ARB therapy in ESKD.
Welcome back to What's it Worth! Join your hosts, Dr. Diana Langworthy and Dr. Garrison Avery (PGY1 Pharmacy Resident), as we discuss the STOP ACEi trial comparing continuation of ACEi/ARB (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers) therapy in ESKD vs discontinuation of ACEi/ARB therapy. The authors sought to answer the question - Does discontinuation vs continuation o
S3E3 (#19.2) - Under Pressure! Portal hypertension showdown between carvedilol and classical non-selective beta blockers
Episode 2 of the Double Header with the Minnesota Twins! The first article, the SEQUOIA trial, was discussed in the preceding episode with Mckay Carstens... did you guess correctly for which twin was speaking? He's passing the baton to his brother Kane to discuss management of portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis. We're looking back in time with a retrospective study that investigated wh
S3E2 (#19.1) - Seeing the forest for the trees in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with the SEQUOIA Trial
Join us for a Double Header with the Minnesota Twins! No, we haven't converted to a sports podcast... I have PGY1 Residents (who are identical twins), Kane and Mckay Carstens joining me for back-to-back journal critiques! The first article, the SEQUOIA trial, was conducted to determine the efficacy and safety of aficamten, a novel cardiac myosin inhibitor, in patients with obstructive Hypertrophic
S3E1 (#18) - To Stay or Not To Stay with VKAs: Comparison of VKA or switch to DOAC in frail elderly patients with AFib
Welcome to What's it Worth! Join your host, Dr. Diana Langworthy and student guest host, Meade Avery, as we walk the tightrope of anticoagulation in elderly patients with Atrial Fibrillation (AFib). We'll be reviewing an article that evaluated frail, elderly patients with AFib and compared maintaining INR guided warfarin with switching to a direct acting oral anticoagulant (DOAC). Come along as we
S2E6 (#17) - Decoding Estimands and GLP-1 Agonist Effectiveness in the PIONEER 4 Study
Welcome to What's it Worth! Join your host Dr. Diana Langworthy, with student co-host Rachel Cohen, as we hit the design dictionary to decode statistical language and simplify estimands and populations. Our expert guest for this episode is Dr. Kylee Funk, Assoiate Professor and Ambulatory Care Pharmacist. We're discussing a trial that compared oral semaglutide with subcutanous liraglutide, GLP-1 a
S2E5 (#16) - REDUCE the use of Beta Blockers? Comparison of beta blocker vs no beta blocker after acute MI with preserved EF.
Welcome to What's it Worth! Join your host Dr. Diana Langworthy as we record live with our 2nd year Pharmacy Students for their EBP Pulse Check! We're exploring whether or not we should REDUCE our use of beta blockers in post MI patients who have a preserved ejection fraction by critiquing the REDUCE-AMI trial (NEJM 2024). Our expert guest for this episode is Dr. Anne Schullo-Feulner, Clinical Pro
S2E4 (#15): Informed Choices: Exploring Cannabis and Maternal Outcomes in Pregnancy
Welcome to What's it Worth! Join your host Dr. Diana Langworthy and guest host Rachel Cohen (PharmD Candidate, 2025) as we take a look at how cannabis affects pregnancy outcomes. Our guest, Dr. Ann Philbrick, PharmD, BCACP, will share her expertise with the current state of cannabis use and what it looks like to see patients who use cannabis in pregnancy. Key Points Existing evidence regarding
S2E3 (#14) - Can I Have Some More Power Please? Apixaban vs Warfarin for AFib in Hemodialysis
Welcome back to What's it Worth! Join your hosts, Dr. Diana Langworthy and P4 Garrison Avery, as we discuss the RENAL-AF trial comparing apixaban vs warfarin in hemodialysis patients. These authors aimed to assess safety and efficacy in one of the first prospective trials comparing DOACs with warfarin in hemodialysis patients. Ever read a trial that didn't enroll their goal number of patients? Le
S2E2 (#13) - What's the Brass Tacks on MAESTRO-NASH?
Welcome back to What's it Worth! Join your hosts, Dr. Diana Langworthy and Garrison Avery, student PharmD, as we evaluate the 52 week reported outcomes of the ongoing Resmetirom Phase 3 trial. This trial is our first look at a medication currently seeking FDA approval to halt and reverse NASH and liver fibrosis. We also discuss Bonferroni statistical analysis, patients excluded from the trial, and
S2E1 (#12) - Beating Benzos? Phenobarbital versus benzodiazepines in severe alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Did you miss us? We're back for Season 2 of What's it Worth! Join your host, Dr. Diana Langworthy, and co-host Garrison (Griest) Avery (back at the end of his APPE year for some more EBP fun!), as they find out if phenobarbital is beating benzos in severe alcohol withdrawal! CI-WAt all the fuss is about in season two as we PAWSS and reflect on where single-site retrospective results and clinical
[BONUS] S1E11 - Pegfilgrastim Equivalence Chronicles: Is The Margin Razor Thin?
Welcome to What's it Worth - BONUS episode #2! Join your host Dr. Diana Langworthy and a come-back by P4 student co-host Marina Fahim as we get biosimilar! Our expert guest for this episode is Dr. Hannah Berg, Formulary Management Pharmacist at United Healthcare. We're discussing a trial that aimed to determine whether pegfilgrastim biosimilars were considered statistically equivalent to the pegfi
[BONUS] S1E10 - The Scoop on Poop! Fecal Microbiota Therapy for Reducing Recurrence of CDiff Infections
Welcome to What's it Worth - a BONUS episode! Join your host Dr. Diana Langworthy and a come-back by P4 student co-host Garrison Griest as we get the scoop on poop! Our expert guest for this episode is Dr. Jen Ross, Antimicrobial Stewardship Clinical Pharmacist at M Health Fairview East and West Bank Hospitals. We're discussing a trial that evaluated the efficacy of a new orally administered fecal
S1E9 - Co-Primary Clues: Zavegepant's Journey in Migraine Management
Welcome to What's it Worth! Join your host Dr. Diana Langworthy as we co-mingle with co-primary clues! Our expert guest for this episode is Dr. Natalie Heinrich, Medication Therapy Management Clinical Pharmacist in Neurology at M Health Fairview. We're discussing a trial evaluated the efficacy of zavegepant, a novel CGRP antagonist for nasal administration, for the treatment of acute migraine atta
S1E8 - ATTACK-ing Non-Inferiority Trials and Margins: Sulbactam-Durlobactam for Acinetobacter Infections
Welcome to What's it Worth! Join your host Dr. Diana Langworthy, & co-host Marina Fahim, as we ATTACK the critique of a non-inferiotiy study design. Our expert guest for this episode is Dr. Betsy Hirsch, Assoiate Professor and Infectious Diseases Translational Researcher. We're discussing a trial that compared a new beta-lactam antibiotic, sulbactam/durlobactam, with colistin for the treatment of
S1E7 - Breaking Down Delphi: A qualitative implementation study on clinical pharmacist impact
Welcome to What's it Worth! Join your host, Dr. Diana Langworthy and co-host Chelsea Bolier, PharmD, as we break down Delphi and learn more about analyzing qualitatitve data. We're joined this month by Dr. Joel Farley, PhD and Dr. Pamela Phelps, PharmD, FASHP - two experts in the arena of determining the impact of clinical pharmacy services. Key Points Determining the impact of clinical pharm
S1E6 - Going Retro to Tackle Confounding: Assessing Risk of SBP from PPI use in Cirrhosis
Welcome to What's it Worth! Join your hosts, Dr. Diana Langworthy & Garrison Griest as we go retro to tackle confounding variables! We'll be reviewing an article that aimed to determine the risk of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in patients with cirrhosis who are using proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Key Points Retrospective studies produce more opportunities for confounding variables t
S1E5 - Seeing composite outcomes CLEAR-ly: Bempedoic acid versus placebo for preventing Major Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes
08Welcome to What's it Worth! Join your hosts, Dr. Diana Langworthy, Nathan Uk, and Garrison Griest as we walk you through composite outcomes with the CLEAR trial - a comparison of bempedoic acid versus placebo for preventing major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients who cannot tolerate statin therapy. We're joined by Dr. Chrystian Pereira, PharmD, BCACP, an ambulatory care pharmacist
S1E4 - TBD on CBD?: A placebo-controlled RCT of CBD in COVID-19
Welcome to What's it Worth! Join your hosts, Dr. Diana Langworthy, Nathan Uk, and Garrison Griest as we take on the evidence behind a trending treatment for COVID-19. Our guest, Dr. Ann Philbrick, PharmD, BCACP, will share her expertise with medical cannabis products to help figure out what is TBD about CBD in COVID-19. Key Points Cannabidiol (CBD) has some purported anti-inflammatory proper
S1E3 - Strength in Numbers: Understanding event driven power with the STRONG-HF trial
Welcome to What's it Worth! Join your host, Dr. Diana Langworthy as we're strengthening our EBP skills in power and subject allocation with the STRONG-HF trial - a prospective, randomized, open-label study comparing high-intensity titration to guideline-directed medical therapy vs usual cares in patients with recent heart failure exacerbations. Special guest - Dr. Christian Bell, PharmD and PGY1 P
S1E1 - The Power of Rates and Flows: Aggressive vs. moderate hydration in acute pancreatitis
Welcome to What's it Worth! Join Dr. Diana Langworthy, Garrison Griest, and Nathan Uk for our first episode where we go down the WATERFALL and take a deep dive into the details of a prospective, open-label trial comparing aggressive and moderate fluid resuscitation strategies in the initial treatment of acute pancreatitis. Key Points Aggressive fluid resuscitation has historically been preferred
S1E2 - Taking the Pain out of Feasibility Trials: A pilot study evaluating medical cannabis for cancer-related pain
BONUS EPISODE! We're dropping Episode 2 early so you have even more journal critique music to your ears. Welcome back to What's it Worth! Today we soar through the topics of pilot studies, medical cannabis, and cancer related pain. We are joined by Dr. Kirollos Hanna, Director of Pharmacy at Minnesota Oncology, as we attempt to take the pain out of assessing feasibility trials. Key Points Pilot
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